steelFacts – sources

Notes:

  • In all cases where the source is not listed, the facts are sourced from the World Steel Association (worldsteel).
  • The page numbers refer to book pages.

Page 9: Nature’s Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements.  Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 2001 and John Emsley, The Elements, 3rd edition.  Oxford:  Clarendon Press, 1998.

Page 12-13: White Book of Steel publication, worldsteel, 2012

Page 14: World Steel in Figures 2020, worldsteel

Page 20: Sustainable Steel, Indicators 2020 and steel applications, worldsteel

Page 24: Sustainable Steel, Indicators 2020 and steel applications, worldsteel

Page 32: worldsteel by-product report, 2010

Page 33: euroslag.com

Page 33: Sustainable Steelmaking, Boston Consulting Group, 2009, p 14

Page 34: Energy use in the steel industry, worldsteel 2014

Page 37.1: Water management in the steel industry report, worldsteel 2011

Page 37.2: HBIS Group Co., Ltd 

Page 45: 9, Cambridge Avenue, Slough, UK, sturgis carbon profiling llp

Page 46: repoweringsolutions.com

Page 47: The Value of Remanufactured Engines: Life‐Cycle Environmental and Economic Perspectives, Smith, VM. And Keoleian G.A.

Page 51: thyssenkrupp

Page 54: Sustainable Steel, Indicators 2020 and steel applications, worldsteel

Page 67: worldsteel calculation: estimated global revenue from steel-producing entities only; Sustainable Steel, Indicators 2020 and steel applications, worldsteel

Page 69: The role of steel manufacturing in the global economy, Oxford Economics 2019

Page 76: http://ispatguru.com/preference-of-steel-as-a-material-of-construction/

Pag 78.1e: https://www.britannica.com/technology/building-construction/Early-steel-frame-high-rises

Page 78.2: The skyscraper centre, November 2020

Page 77.1: ArcelorMittal calculation

Page 77.2: https://www.worldsteel.org/steel-by-topic/life-cycle-thinking/case-studies/Independent-research-demonstrates-steel-has-lowest-life-cycle-impact.html

Page 79: Allwood J.M., Cullen, UIT Cambridge, 2012

Page 81: https://www.history.com/topics/brooklyn-bridge

Page 82: ArcelorMittal

Page 83: Allwood J.M., Cullen, UIT Cambridge, 2012

Page 86: Steel Framing Alliance

Page 89: WorldAutoSteel

Page 90: Ford Model T: The Car That Put the World on Wheels, by Lindsay Brooke, 2008

Page 91 – 92: WorldAutoSteel based on the current market situation/https://automotive.arcelormittal.com/News/2791/AHSSforAudiA8

Page 93: WorldAutoSteel, UCSB Model

Page 96: https://www.thyssenkrupp-steel.com/en/industries/automotivetrucks/e-moblity/

Page 99: www.apeal.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Info-Pack-3-Nutritional-value.pdf

Page 100: Steel Recycling Institute; APEAL

Page 101 : https://www.apeal.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/APEAL_30th_Anniversary-1.pdf and thyssenkrupp

Page 102: https://www.apeal.org/news/steel-packaging-raises-the-bar-with-record-recycling-rate-of-84//; http://steelcan.jp/support/english.html

Page 105: https://www.apeal.org/where-is-it-used/

Page 108: Tenaris

Page 109: https://www.rosneft.com/press/news/item/188679

Page 111UN Environment Programme, The Emissions Gap Report 2017, page Xvii (reference to 2° scenario)

Page 112: https://wenku.baidu.com/view/d243b24a6137ee06eff918dd.html

Page 112: https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Capacity-and-Generation/Technologies https://www.vestas.com/content/dam/vestas-com/global/en/sustainability/environment/201802_Material%20Use%20brochure.pdf.coredownload.inline.pdf

Page 113: http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/dashboard/?topic=4&subTopic=19

Page 117: http://www.nssmc.com/en/news/20140416_100.html

Page 119: UIC, High Speed Rail, Fast Track to Sustainable Mobility, 2012

Page 122: Maersk

Page 123.1: https://www.marineinsight.com/maritime-law/guide-shipping-container-dimensions/

Page 123.2: Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government

Page 125: https://www.ssab.com/company/newsroom/media-archive/2018/03/28/11/36/untapped-potential-for-highstrength-steels-in-agriculture

Page 126: http://www.worldstainless.org/Files/issf/non-image-files/PDF/Team_Stainless_Disinfection_of_stainless_steel_in_hospitals.pdf

Please contact steel@worldsteel.org with any questions.